Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, governments faced the predicament of shifting priorities to focus on growing health and economic concerns, which drew attention and resources away from anti-trafficking efforts. Supporting the Reintegration of Trafficked Persons: A Guidebook for the Greater Mekong Sub-Region: https://cbss.org/our-work/safe-secure-region/anti-trafficking/, Task Force against Trafficking in Human Beings Strategic Plan 2020-2025, Human Trafficking 2020 Baltic Sea Round-up Report, Guidelines for journalists reporting on cases of human trafficking: Media and Trafficking in Human Beings (2019), Task Force Against Trafficking in Human Beings, http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/trafficking/, Reports: https://www.coe.int/en/web/anti-human-trafficking/general-reports, 9th General Report on GRETAs Activities (2019), https://www.coe.int/en/web/anti-human-trafficking/general-reports, Guidance Note on the entitlement of victims of trafficking, and persons at risk of being trafficked, to international protection, Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), ECOWAS Declaration on the Fight against Trafficking in Persons (2001), Joint ECOWAS/ECCAS Regional Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children (2006-2008), http://ec.europa.eu/anti-trafficking/index.action, Third report on the progress made in the fight against trafficking in human beings (2020) as required under Article 20 of Directive 2011/36/EU on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/content/images/Human-Trafficking-2018.pdf, Arab Initiative to Combat Trafficking in Persons, 2010, Comprehensive Arab Strategy for Combating, Trafficking in Human Beings (CASCTHB), Council of Arab Ministers of Justice Resolution 15/2/2012, http://www.oas.org/dsp/english/cpo_trata_dia_mundial.asp, Second Work Plan against Trafficking in Persons in the Western Hemi-sphere 2015-2018 (extended to 2020), Hemispheric Efforts against Trafficking in Persons Declaration of Mexico (2018), Advancing Hemispheric Security: A Multidimensional Approach (AG/RES. I knew I was playing with fire. The conversation started, I have never been so humiliated; how was I supposed to maintain my composure? After a few moments of inquiring, I was informed of what was so humiliating to her, me. Handbook How to prevent human trafficking for domestic servitude in diplomatic households and protect private domestic workers (2014): Uniform Guidelines for the Identification and Referral of Victims of Human Trafficking within the Migrant and Refugee Reception Framework in the OSCE Region, Model Guidelines on Government Measures to Prevent Trafficking for Labour Exploitation in Supply Chains (2018), The Critical Role of Civil Society in Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (2018), From Reception to Recognition: Identifying and Protecting Human Trafficking Victims in Mixed Migration Flows (2018), Child Trafficking and Child Protection: Ensuring that Child Protection Mechanisms Protect the Rights and Meet the Needs of Child Victims of Human Trafficking (2018), 2020 Report of the Special Representative and Coordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, OSCE Compendium Database, an easy way to access information on prevention of labour exploitation in supply chains, now accessible online (2021), OSCE: International Survivors of Trafficking Advisory Council (2021), Trafficking in Persons in the SADC Region: A Baseline Report (2016), Trafficking in Persons in the SADC Region: Policy Brief (2016), Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Persons: Lessons from the SADC Region Booklet (2017). Ariana Holly To maintain a Tier 1 ranking, governments need to demonstrate appreciable progress each year in combating trafficking. There were and continue to be survivor-led and -informed innovative solutions not only to ensure the continuation of anti-trafficking efforts but also to promote safety and security during the pandemic. We salute the survivor leadersthose with lived experience of human traffickingwho have demonstrated resilience and reaffirm that employing trauma- and survivor-informed approaches is essential, crisis or not. The government did not screen North Korean workers for trafficking indicators or identify any North Korean trafficking victims, despite credible reports in previous years that the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK) operated work camps in Russia and exploited thousands of North Korean workers in forced labor. Tier rankings and narratives in the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report reflect an assessment of the following: Tier rankings and narratives are NOT affected by the following: Countries whose governments fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. Desire Suo Weymont Then the church started the process of ex-communication to revoke my college scholarships because they believed I was willingly living my life in sin. Finally, the TVPA limits a country to one year on Tier 2 Watch List after that country received a waiver to stay on the Watch List and was subsequently downgraded to Tier 3. Burma When we couldnt pay, we slept on subways, in empty warehouses, in cars, or on couches. Page 75: Panos Pictures/Samuel Aranda Page 49: Matilde Simas James Taylor The FATF Recommendations provide a useful framework for jurisdictions to address illicit finance related to human trafficking by strengthening their national AML laws and policies and by improving coordination and information sharing domestically and internationally. Samantha Novick Bahamas, The The following excerpts highlight the reflections of some who have directly experienced the ways in which systemic racism intersects with human trafficking in the United States and provide insight and guidance on how best to move forward. Coercion in the case of sex trafficking includes the broad array of nonviolent means included in the forced labor definition. In either case, a missing persons report would not be filed, and child protective services or other welfare agencies would not be notified. Getoria Berry The President has determined it is in the national interest of the United States to waive in part the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to DRC to allow for the provision of IMET and PKO assistance and has certified that the Government of the DRC is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Bulgaria Michelle Cooper Bloom Namibia Countries whose governments do not fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards but are making significant efforts to bring themselves into compliance with those standards, and for which: Countries whose governments do not fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards and are not making significant efforts to do so. Trauma-informed practices build upon understanding the impact of trauma not only on individuals seeking services but also on all staff members and consultants working within an organization. The TVPA also provides that any country that has been ranked Tier 2 Watch List for two consecutive years and that would otherwise be ranked Tier 2 Watch List for the next year will instead be ranked Tier 3 in that third year. Additionally, the author holds a Masters degree in Intercultural Studies with Children at Risk and a Bachelors degree in Education. From forced labor in local or national public work projects, military operations, and economically important sectors, or as part of government-funded projects or missions abroad, officials use their power to exploit their nationals. Moreover, the OSCE/UN Women survey concluded that only 14 percent of national referral mechanisms were fully operational, due in part to government employees working from home and low technological literacy and capacity. In January 2021, the government finalized and disseminated national SOPs for trafficking victim identification, referral, and protection to all front-line agencies involved in anti-trafficking efforts; implementation was ongoing at the end of the reporting period. Panama Forced labor, also referred to as labor trafficking, encompasses the range of activities involved when a person uses force, fraud, or coercion to obtain the labor or services of another person. Canada In her role as Presidential Advisor and the national Disarmament, Demobilization, and Repatriation programs Strategic Focal Point for Children, Bemaka-Soui operationalized the governments nascent anti-trafficking interagency committee and led the development and implementation of the countrys first national action plan on human trafficking. Morocco Iceland Korea, South Indonesia As vulnerabilities increase and human traffickers quickly adapt, governments must take steps to address anti-trafficking efforts in their COVID-19 strategies, including by supporting and cooperating with the anti-trafficking community as it adjusts to the pandemic operating environment. There is a connection and a disparity from police profiling, arrest, incarceration rates, sentencing, and recidivism. Syria This sustained assistance to the ANDSF through IMET plays an important role in preserving Afghanistans security, political, and economic gains, including by enhancing awareness of and respect for human rights across the ANDSF. any person under 18 years of age who has been compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; iii. Chad Yet, despite the added challenges and risks that the pandemic has presented, we have also witnessed the adaptability among those continuing to combat human trafficking and their dedication to ensuring the continuation of anti-trafficking efforts to minimize the effects of the pandemic on victims and the broader anti-trafficking community. Cuba These courageous efforts have pushed the government to start identifying these individuals as human trafficking victims. The President has determined it is in the national interest of the United States to waive the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to Iraq and has certified that the Government of Iraq (GOI) is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. In Nigeria, IOM and the Nigerian government supported the repatriation of more than 7,000 trafficking survivors in both 2018 and 2019 but were only able to repatriate 620 individuals from January to July 2020. Patrick Hamilton Page 20: Seivan Salim The President has determined that it is in the U.S. national interest to waive in part the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to South Sudan to allow for provision of PKO assistance and has certified that the Government of South Sudan is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. any person under 18 years of age who has been recruited or used in hostilities by armed forces distinct from the armed forces of a state. Whether in-person or virtual interviews were held, prosecutors often avoided interviewing the victims multiple times, limiting the ability of investigators to follow-up and confirm details. Qatar remains a difficult place for many migrant workers, and forced labor remains a serious concern in the country. Guardian Media Newsroom. This page shows a sample country narrative. In 2021, the roll out of the module in Field Operations has started. With proper training and guidance, financial institutions and designated non-financial businesses are able to identify illicit finance related to human trafficking and report potential cases. Peacekeeping Operations During a raid, Salih managed to run away to a displaced persons camp. In FY 2020, support is expected to expand to include efforts to strengthen Nigerian cadre and training facilities at their basic and advanced infantry schools. Further, judicial officials postponed prosecutions and court proceedings due to delays in investigations, efforts to maintain safe social distancing regulations, and focus on competing priorities. She also learned she would not have the rent-free apartment he promised. As of April 5, $3,821,000 worth of EDA equipment was transferred to Afghanistan. Public statements by government officials against the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers and improvements in reporting, prevention, and protection mechanisms demonstrate that even with its limited capacity the Government of Yemen continues to address the issue. Years of studies, data, and the direct knowledge of those with lived experience of human trafficking demonstrate that systemic racism undercuts the intended goals of prosecuting traffickers, protecting those victimized, and preventing human trafficking in significant ways. Korea, North While COVID-19 restrictions have slowed the investigation, two soldiers have been charged and are in prison awaiting trial, while the local prosecutor is pursuing charges against another eight soldiers. Prosecutors typically conducted interviews with victims virtually and less frequently to prevent re-traumatization. There is a big problem of Black and Brown bodies being treated differently from White bodies. While acknowledging these leaders, we recognize that many of us have also been touched by trauma, whether through loss of a loved one, our own illness, or dealing with large-scale lockdowns and extreme uncertainty. The Department of State further assesses that the most durable solution to the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers will be a negotiated political settlement that ends Libyas current conflict. In contrast, when Black and Brown bodies go missing you dont hear about their disappearance anywhere near as often, if at all., Autumn Burris, While hopeful that were turning the corner on the pandemic, we know that different countries are at different stages in their pandemic response and recovery. Kari A. Johnstone Ibusuki not only has represented trafficking victims, many of whom participated in Japans Technical Intern Training Program, but also has been an outspoken advocate about the presence of forced labor in the program. Gabon Page 66: Emily Teague Laila Mickelwait. Globally, an estimated 25 million people are subjected to human trafficking and forced labor, which is responsible for an estimated $150 billion annually in illicit profits. 12. Standing in solidarity with Black lives also means speaking up for the injustices plaguing Black communities that are overwhelmed with trafficking victims. 7103 (d) (7) ). Dominican Republic In Uganda, the Human Trafficking Institute (HTI) developed a forum via WhatsApp to establish communication among police and prosecutors during the shutdown. In 2017, IOM estimated that 41 percent of child trafficking experiences are facilitated by family members and/or caregivers. Section 333 is used to support the Air-to-Ground Integration (AGI) program, which integrates intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR), precision strike, and military intelligence to increase the effectiveness of the Nigerian Air Force while reducing the potential for civilian harm through human rights and IHL training in support of the nationally-funded FMS Super Tucano A-29 lines of effort. Iran Our bodies are lying in alleys and warehouses unnoticed; we are pawns in a system that doesnt care about us. This means that service providers can recognize signs of trauma in individuals and respond by integrating knowledge about trauma into policies, procedures, practices, and settings. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the World Food Programme (WFP) conducted consultations with staff in high-risk duty stations on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse during COVID-19. 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